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Small Cents
Common, scarce and rare U.S. small cents at Mintmark.com; includes Flying Eagle cents; Indian Head cents; Lincoln Wheat Ears Reverse cents; Lincoln Memorial Reverse cents; Lincoln Log Cabin cents; Lincoln Rail Splitter cents; Lincoln Lawyer cents; Lincoln President cents; and Lincoln Union Shield (aka Lincoln Shield) cents.
“CENT (UNITED STATES COIN)—The United States one-cent coin is a unit of currency equaling one one-hundredth of a United States dollar. Its symbol is: ˘. Its obverse has featured the profile of President Abraham Lincoln since 1909, the centennial of his birth. Since 1959 (the sesquicentennial of Lincoln's birth), the reverse has featured the Lincoln Memorial. The coin is 0.75 inches (19.05 mm) in diameter and 0.061 inches (1.55 mm) in thickness. The one-cent coin is often called a penny, but the U.S. Mint's official name for this coin is cent. History of composition—. . . The isotope composition of early coins spanning the period of 1828 to 1843 cents reflects that of copper from Cornwall ores from England while coins after 1850 that from the Keweenaw Peninsula, Michigan ores, a finding consistent with historical records. In 1943, at the peak of World War II, cents of zinc-coated steel were made for a short time due to war demands for copper. A few copper cents from 1943 were produced from the 1942 planchets remaining in the bins. Similarly, some 1944 steel cents have been confirmed. From 1944 through 1946, salvaged ammunition shells made their way into the minting process, and it was not uncommon to see coins featuring streaks of brass or having a considerably darker finish than other issues. During the early 1970s, the price of copper rose to a point where the cent almost contained more than one cent's worth of copper. This led the Mint to test alternate metals, including aluminum and bronze-clad steel. Aluminum was chosen, and over 1.5 million of these cents were struck and ready for public release before ultimately being rejected. The proposed aluminum cents were rejected due to two factors. Vending machine owners complained the coins would cause mechanical problems. Pediatricians and pediatric radiologists pointed out the radiodensity of the metal inside the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts was close to that of soft tissue and therefore would be difficult to detect in a roentgenogram. About a dozen aluminum cents are believed to still be in the hands of collectors, although they are now considered illegal, subject to seizure by the Secret Service. One aluminum cent was donated to the Smithsonian Institution. The cent's composition was changed in 1982 because the value of the copper in the coin started to rise above one cent. Some 1982 cents use the 97.5% zinc composition, while others used the 95% copper composition. The price of copper later returned to profitable levels. Many people can hear the difference between the bronze and copper cents and the newer, zinc cents: simply flip the coin, giving it a good, solid strike. The predominantly copper pennies produce a ringing sound in the 12 kHz range. The zinc coins make a noise that is different. In addition, a full 50-penny roll of pre-1982/3 pennies will weigh 5.4 oz. compared to a post 1982/83 roll which will weigh 4.4 oz . . .” — CENT (UNITED STATES COIN) AT WIKIPEDIA
 Flying Eagle Cents 1856-58 |
 Indian Head Cents 1859-1909 |
 Lincoln Wheat Cents 1909-58 |
 Lincoln Memorial Cents 1959-2008 |
  A Guide Book of Flying Eagle and Indian Head Cents |
  A Guide Book of Lincoln Cents (Official Red Book) |
| New Cents | ||
 Lincoln Log Cabin Cents 2009 |
 Lincoln Rail Splitter Cents 2009 |
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1st 2009 new cent—Birth in Kentucky (1809-16)—was released into general circulation on 12 Feb. 2009 in Hodgenville, Kentucky. These coins are sometimes called Lincoln Log Cabin Cents (see above). 2nd 2009 new cent—Formative Years in Indiana (1816-30)—was released into general circulation 14 May 2009 in Lincoln City, Indiana. These coins are sometimes called Lincoln Rail Splitter Cents (see above). |
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 Lincoln Lawyer Cents 2009 |
 Lincoln President Cents 2009 |
 Lincoln Union Shield Cents 2010 to date |
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3rd 2009 new cent—Professional Life in Illinois (1830-61)—was released into general circulation on 13 August 2009. These coins are sometimes called Lincoln Lawyer Cents (see above). 4th 2009 new cent—Presidency in Washington DC (1861-65)—was released into general circulation on 12 November 2009 (a limited number of proof coins are now available). These coins are sometimes called Lincoln Presidency Cents or Lincoln President Cents (see above). New U.S. cent reverse—On 11 February 2010, Lincoln Union Shield cents (see above) were released into general circulation. The reverse features a union shield with a scroll draped across and the inscription ONE CENT (learn more). These coins are sometimes called Lincoln Shield Cents. |
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